What organ do insects primarily use to sense their environment and communicate?

Insects primarily use their antennae to sense their environment and communicate, making this choice the most accurate. Antennae are specialized sensory organs that detect chemicals in the environment, such as pheromones, and vibrations, which play critical roles in communication among insects. These sensory inputs enable them to locate food, a mate, and suitable habitats, and to avoid predators.

Insects have evolved different types of antennae, which can be equipped with a variety of sensors that allow them to pick up chemical signals from great distances. This ability is especially important for many species, as it facilitates reproduction and social interactions.

While wings, eyes, and mouthparts all serve essential functions, they do not primarily function for sensing and communication. Wings are primarily for flight, eyes for vision, and mouthparts for feeding. Thus, while these other organs contribute to an insect's overall interactions with its environment, antennae are specifically adapted for sensory perception and communication.