What problem can fungi in the soil cause for plant seeds?

Fungi in the soil can lead to a condition known as damping off, which is particularly harmful to seedlings and young plants. This fungal disease affects the plants at or just below the soil surface, causing them to rot. It typically occurs in wet or poorly drained soil conditions where the fungi thrive, and it's characterized by the wilting and eventual death of seedlings. The pathogens responsible for damping off can attack the tender stems of the seedlings, inhibiting their ability to grow and ultimately leading to their collapse.

Understanding damping off is crucial for gardeners and horticulturists since it highlights the importance of proper soil management and sanitation practices to prevent fungal proliferation and protect young plants. Proper air circulation, avoiding overwatering, and using sterilized growing media can help mitigate the risks associated with fungal pathogens in the soil.