What stages are included in complete metamorphosis?

Complete metamorphosis is a developmental process that many insects undergo, characterized by four distinct stages: egg, larva, pupa, and adult.

The life cycle begins with the egg stage, where the insect starts its life. After hatching, the larval stage follows. During this phase, the insect, often quite different in form and behavior from the adult, focuses on feeding and growing. Following the larva is the pupal stage, during which the insect undergoes significant transformation. The pupa is typically a resting stage, and it is during this time that the larva transforms into a fully developed adult.

Finally, the adult stage emerges from the pupa, completing the cycle. This stage is primarily for reproduction and, in many cases, is markedly different from the larval stage in terms of morphology and function.

Other options do not accurately reflect the complete metamorphosis process. For instance, the inclusion of a nymph instead of the pupa stage mistakenly suggests that the organism develops through an incomplete metamorphosis, which involves fewer life stages and does not require a pupal stage. Understanding these stages is crucial in horticulture, especially when managing insect populations affecting plants.